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Submit ReviewRuthenium Red
Description: Non-selective CaV2.1 and 2.2 blocker; also blocks TRPV channels
Chemical Name: Ammoniated ruthenium oxychloride
Biological Activity for Ruthenium Red
Ruthenium Red blocks Ca2+ uptake and release from mitochondria, and Ca2+ release from ryanodine-sensitive intracellular stores. Also blocks cell membrane-located capsaicin-activated cation channels (IC50 = 14 nM) and voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels to inhibit neurotransmitter release.
Technical Data for Ruthenium Red
| M. Wt | 786.35 |
| Formula | H42N14O2Ru3Cl6 |
| Storage | Store at RT |
| CAS Number | 11103-72-3 |
| PubChem ID | 16218584 |
| InChI Key | JQJSTVUROJELSR-UHFFFAOYSA-H |
| Smiles | [Ru+2]O[Ru+2]O[Ru+2].N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-] |
The technical data provided above is for guidance only. For batch specific data refer to the Certificate of Analysis.
Tocris products are intended for laboratory research use only, unless stated otherwise.
Solubility Data for Ruthenium Red
| Solvent | Max Conc. mg/mL | Max Conc. mM | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solubility | |||
| water | 7.86 | 10 |
Preparing Stock Solutions for Ruthenium Red
The following data is based on the product molecular weight 786.35. Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.
| Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.1 mM | 12.72 mL | 63.58 mL | 127.17 mL |
| 0.5 mM | 2.54 mL | 12.72 mL | 25.43 mL |
| 1 mM | 1.27 mL | 6.36 mL | 12.72 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.25 mL | 1.27 mL | 2.54 mL |
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Product Datasheets for Ruthenium Red
References for Ruthenium Red
References are publications that support the biological activity of the product.
Amann and Maggi (1991) Ruthenium red as a capsaicin antagonist. Life Sci. 49 849 PMID: 1715010
Bernardi et al (1984) Pathway for uncoupler-induced calcium efflux in rat liver mitochondria: inhibition by ruthenium red. Biochemistry 23 1645 PMID: 6202317
Szallasi and Blumberg (1999) Vanilloid (capsaicin) receptors and mechanisms. Pharmacol.Rev. 51 159 PMID: 10353985
Xu et al (1999) Ruthenium red modifies the cardiac and skeletal muscle Ca2+ release channels (ryanodine receptors) by multiple mechanisms. J.Biol.Chem. 274 32680 PMID: 10551824
If you know of a relevant reference for Ruthenium Red, please let us know.
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Keywords: Ruthenium Red, Ruthenium Red supplier, inhibitors, inhibits, ryanodine-sensitive, Ca2+, release, mitochondrial, reuptake, Blockers, capsaicin-activated, cation, channels, Non-Selective, Vanillioid, Receptors, VR1, TRPV, Transient, Receptor, Potential, CaV, P-Type, N-Type, voltage-gated, voltage-dependent, Cav2.x, Channels, General, Calcium, Signaling, Agents, Ryanodine, 1439, Tocris Bioscience
18 Citations for Ruthenium Red
Citations are publications that use Tocris products. Selected citations for Ruthenium Red include:
Battefeld et al (2019) High-Frequency Microdomain Ca2+ Transients and Waves during Early Myelin Internode Remodeling. Cell Rep 26 182 PMID: 30605675
Lee et al (2014) Synergy between Piezo1 and Piezo2 channels confers high-strain mechanosensitivity to articular cartilage. PLoS One 111 E5114 PMID: 25385580
Nesuashvili et al (2013) Sensory nerve terminal mitochondrial dysfunction activates airway sensory nerves via transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. Mol Pharmacol 83 1007 PMID: 23444014
Li et al (2011) TRPV4-mediated calcium influx into human bronchial epithelia upon exposure to diesel exhaust particles. Environ Health Perspect 119 784 PMID: 21245013
Ferdek et al (2017) BH3 mimetic-elicited Ca2+ signals in pancreatic acinar cells are dependent on Bax and can be reduced by Ca2+-like peptides. Cell.Death.Dis. 8 e2640 PMID: 28252652
Son et al (2015) Hypotonic stress induces RANKL via transient receptor potential melastatin 3 (TRPM3) and vaniloid 4 (TRPV4) in human PDL cells. J Dent Res 94 473 PMID: 25595364
Boychuk et al (2013) Rapid Glucocorticoid-Induced Activation of TRP and CB1 Receptors Causes Biphasic Modulation of Glutamate Release in Gastric-Related Hypothalamic Preautonomic Neurons. Front Neurosci 7 3 PMID: 23386808
Fernandez-Fernandez et al (2018) Activation of TREK currents by riluzole in three subgroups of cultured mouse nodose ganglion neurons. PLoS One 13 e0199282 PMID: 29928032
Shi et al (2015) Alterations in serotonin, transient receptor potential channels and protease-activated receptors in rats with irritable bowel syndrome attenuated by Shugan decoction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 21 4852 PMID: 25944998
Merino et al (2015) Glucagon Increases Beating Rate but Not Contractility in Rat Right Atrium. Comparison with isoprote. Neuroreport 10 e0132884 PMID: 26222156
Albert et al (2012) TRPV4 channels mediate the infrared laser-evoked response in sensory neurons. J Neurophysiol 107 3227 PMID: 22442563
Pérez (2018) Mitochondrial permeability transition pore contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction in fibroblasts of patients with sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Redox Biol 19 290 PMID: 30199818
Kaszás et al (2012) Small molecule positive allosteric modulation of TRPV1 activation by vanilloids and acidic pH. J Neurosci 340 152 PMID: 22005042
Russo et al (2016) Active Caspase-1 Induces Plasma Membrane Pores That Precede Pyroptotic Lysis and Are Blocked by Lanthanides The Journal of Immunology 197 1353 PMID: 27385780
Jacques-Fricke et al (2006) Ca2+ influx through mechanosensitive channels inhibits neurite outgrowth in opposition to other influx pathways and release from intracellular stores. World J Gastroenterol 26 5656 PMID: 16723522
Giordano et al (2007) Glutathione levels modulate domoic acid induced apoptosis in mouse cerebellar granule cells. Toxicol Sci 100 433 PMID: 17804861
Moran et al (2004) Opioid-like actions of neuropeptide Y in rat substantia gelatinosa: Y1 suppression of inhibition and Y2 suppression of excitation. J Neurophysiol 92 3266 PMID: 15295007
Melis et al (2004) Prefrontal cortex stimulation induces 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol-mediated suppression of excitation in DA neurons. J Neurosci 24 10707 PMID: 15564588
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Ruthenium red blocks RyR2-mediated oscillations in HEK293 cells..
By
Niroj Shrestha on 07/27/2019
Assay Type: In Vitro
Species: Human
Cell Line/Tissue: HEK293
HEK293 cells, stably expressing RyR2 receptors, were loaded with intracellular Ca2+ sensitive dye, Fura2AM and excited alternately at 340 and 380 nm and fluorescence at 510 nm was expressed as 340/380 ratio. These cells elicit store-overload induced Ca2+ release (cytosolic oscillations) via RyR2 in presence of 2 mM extracellular Ca2+. 10 μM ruthenium red blocks RyR2 and subsequent Ca2+ release and oscillations in these cells.
