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Submit Review[D-Ala2]-GIP (human)
Description: Highly potent GIP agonist
Purity: ≥95% (HPLC)
Biological Activity for [D-Ala2]-GIP (human)
[D-Ala2]-GIP (human) is a highly potent GIP receptor agonist (EC50 = 630 ± 119 pM). Displays equivalent cAMP stimulating properties and improved resistance to enzymatic degradation compared to native GIP (Cat. No. 2084) in cells expressing wild type GIP receptor. Improves glucose tolerance, insulin release and cognitive function in various animal models of obesity and diabetes. Displays neuroprotective effects in an MPTP model of PD.
Technical Data for [D-Ala2]-GIP (human)
| M. Wt | 4983.58 |
| Formula | C226H338N60O66S |
| Sequence |
YAEGTFISDYSIAMDKIHQQDFVNWLLAQKGKKNDWKHNITQ (Modifications: Ala-2 = D-Ala) |
| Storage | Store at -20°C |
| Purity | ≥95% (HPLC) |
| CAS Number | 444073-04-5 |
| Smiles | [H]N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1)C(=O)N[C@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CNC=N1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CNC=N1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(O)=O |
The technical data provided above is for guidance only. For batch specific data refer to the Certificate of Analysis.
Tocris products are intended for laboratory research use only, unless stated otherwise.
Solubility Data for [D-Ala2]-GIP (human)
| Solubility | Soluble to 1 mg/ml in water |
Product Datasheets for [D-Ala2]-GIP (human)
References for [D-Ala2]-GIP (human)
References are publications that support the biological activity of the product.
Hinke et al (2002) Dipeptidyl peptidase IV-resistant [D-Ala2]glucose-dependent Insotropic polypeptide (GIP) improves glucose tolerance in normal and obese diabetic rats. Diabetes. 51 652 PMID: 11872663
Porter et al (2011) Prolonged GIP receptor activation improves cognitive function, hippocampal synaptic plasticity and glucose homeostasis in high-fat fed mice. Eur.J.Pharmacol. 650 688 PMID: 21050845
Verma et al (2017) Effect of D-Ala2GIP, a stable GIP receptor agonist on MPTP-induced neuronal impairments in mice. Eur.J.Pharmacol. 804 38 PMID: 28366809
If you know of a relevant reference for [D-Ala2]-GIP (human), please let us know.
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Keywords: [D-Ala2]-GIP (human), [D-Ala2]-GIP (human) supplier, gastric, inhibitory, polypeptide, receptor, enzymatic, resistance, resistant, degradation, GIPR, glucose, dependent, insulinotropic, peptide, agonists, agonism, highly, potent, GIP, Receptors, 6699, Tocris Bioscience
2 Citations for [D-Ala2]-GIP (human)
Citations are publications that use Tocris products. Selected citations for [D-Ala2]-GIP (human) include:
Frank et al (2022) A brainstem circuit for nausea suppression. Cell Rep 39 110953 PMID: 35705049
Bin et al (2020) Chronic glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR) agonism desensitizes adipocyte GIPR activity mimicking functional GIPR antagonism. Nat Commun 11 4981 PMID: 33020469
Do you know of a great paper that uses [D-Ala2]-GIP (human) from Tocris? Please let us know.
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Literature in this Area
Tocris offers the following scientific literature in this area to showcase our products. We invite you to request* your copy today!
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Peptides Involved in Appetite Modulation Scientific Review
Written by Sonia Tucci, Lynsay Kobelis and Tim Kirkham, this review provides a synopsis of the increasing number of peptides that have been implicated in appetite regulation and energy homeostasis; putative roles of the major peptides are outlined and compounds available from Tocris are listed.