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Submit ReviewDREADD agonist 21 dihydrochloride
Description: Potent hM3Dq and hM4Di DREADD agonist; water soluble version of DREADD agonist 21 (Cat. No. 5548)
Alternative Names: Compound 21 (water-soluble)
Chemical Name: 11-(1-Piperazinyl)-5H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepine dihydrochloride
Purity: ≥98% (HPLC)
Biological Activity for DREADD agonist 21 dihydrochloride
DREADD agonist 21 dihydrochloride is a water soluble version of DREADD agonist 21 (Cat. No. 5548). Potent muscarinic DREADD agonist.
Compound Libraries for DREADD agonist 21 dihydrochloride
DREADD agonist 21 dihydrochloride is also offered as part of the Tocriscreen 2.0 Max. Find out more about compound libraries available from Tocris.
Technical Data for DREADD agonist 21 dihydrochloride
| M. Wt | 351.27 |
| Formula | C17H18N4.2HCl |
| Storage | Desiccate at RT |
| Purity | ≥98% (HPLC) |
| CAS Number | 2250025-92-2 |
| PubChem ID | 134812837 |
| InChI Key | SETCOPAXYQJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| Smiles | C1(N2CCNCC2)=NC(C=CC=C3)=C3NC4=C1C=CC=C4.Cl.Cl |
The technical data provided above is for guidance only. For batch specific data refer to the Certificate of Analysis.
Tocris products are intended for laboratory research use only, unless stated otherwise.
Solubility Data for DREADD agonist 21 dihydrochloride
| Solvent | Max Conc. mg/mL | Max Conc. mM | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solubility | |||
| water | 35.13 | 100 | |
| DMSO | 35.13 | 100 |
Preparing Stock Solutions for DREADD agonist 21 dihydrochloride
The following data is based on the product molecular weight 351.27. Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.
| Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 mM | 2.85 mL | 14.23 mL | 28.47 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.57 mL | 2.85 mL | 5.69 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.28 mL | 1.42 mL | 2.85 mL |
| 50 mM | 0.06 mL | 0.28 mL | 0.57 mL |
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Product Datasheets for DREADD agonist 21 dihydrochloride
References for DREADD agonist 21 dihydrochloride
References are publications that support the biological activity of the product.
Chen et al (2015) The first structure-activity relationship studies for designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs. ACS Chem.Neurosci. 18 476 PMID: 25587888
If you know of a relevant reference for DREADD agonist 21 dihydrochloride, please let us know.
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Keywords: DREADD agonist 21 dihydrochloride, DREADD agonist 21 dihydrochloride supplier, designer, receptors, drugs, DREADDs, hM3Dq, muscarinic, DREADD, ligands, chemogenetics, Compound, 21, (water-soluble), Non-selective, Muscarinics, 6422, Tocris Bioscience
5 Citations for DREADD agonist 21 dihydrochloride
Citations are publications that use Tocris products. Selected citations for DREADD agonist 21 dihydrochloride include:
Xin et al (2023) Activation of basolateral amygdala to anterior cingulate cortex circuit alleviates MK-801 induced social and cognitive deficits of schizophrenia. Front Cell Neurosci 16 1070015 PMID: 36619672
Lung et al (2023) Medial and dorsal lateral septum involving social disruption stress-primed escalation in acid-induced writhes. Front Mol Neurosci 16 1158525 PMID: 37152428
Su-Jeong et al (2022) Neural activity in the mouse claustrum in a cross-modal sensory selection task. Neuron 110 486-501.e7 PMID: 34863367
Mark L et al (2020) Estimation of Current and Future Physiological States in Insular Cortex. Neuron 105 1094-1111.e10 PMID: 31955944
Nizar N et al (2020) Club Cell TRPV4 Serves as a Damage Sensor Driving Lung Allergic Inflammation. Cell Host Microbe 27 614-628.e6 PMID: 32130954
Do you know of a great paper that uses DREADD agonist 21 dihydrochloride from Tocris? Please let us know.
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Literature in this Area
Tocris offers the following scientific literature in this area to showcase our products. We invite you to request* your copy today!
*Please note that Tocris will only send literature to established scientific business / institute addresses.
Chemogenetics Research Bulletin
Produced by Tocris, the chemogenetics research bulletin provides an introduction to chemogenetic methods to manipulate neuronal activity. It outlines the development of RASSLs, DREADDs and PSAMs, and the use of chemogenetic compounds. DREADD ligands and PSEMs available from Tocris are highlighted.
Allosteric GPCR Pharmacology Poster
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are intrinsically allosteric proteins. This poster provides insights into allosteric mechanisms of GPCR biology, highlighting key facets of GPCR allostery and therapeutic applications of allosteric modulators.
GPCR Efficacy and Biased Agonism Poster
GPCRs can interact with multiple distinct transducers or regulatory proteins and these can be preferentially engaged in an agonist-specific manner giving rise to biased agonism. This poster discusses cutting edge GPCR signaling pharmacology and highlights therapeutic applications of biased agonism.