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Submit ReviewDopamine hydrochloride
Description: Endogenous agonist at dopamine D1-5 receptors
Chemical Name: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenethylamine hydrochloride
Purity: ≥99% (HPLC)
Biological Activity for Dopamine hydrochloride
Dopamine hydrochloride is an endogenous neurotransmitter that acts as an agonist at dopamine D1-5 receptors. Synthesized in the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area, and is a precursor in noradrenalin and adrenalin biosynthesis.
Technical Data for Dopamine hydrochloride
| M. Wt | 189.64 |
| Formula | C8H11NO2.HCl |
| Storage | Store at -20°C |
| Purity | ≥99% (HPLC) |
| CAS Number | 62-31-7 |
| PubChem ID | 65340 |
| InChI Key | CTENFNNZBMHDDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| Smiles | NCCC1=CC(O)=C(O)C=C1.Cl |
The technical data provided above is for guidance only. For batch specific data refer to the Certificate of Analysis.
Tocris products are intended for laboratory research use only, unless stated otherwise.
Solubility Data for Dopamine hydrochloride
| Solvent | Max Conc. mg/mL | Max Conc. mM | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solubility | |||
| water | 18.96 | 100 | |
| DMSO | 18.96 | 100 |
Preparing Stock Solutions for Dopamine hydrochloride
The following data is based on the product molecular weight 189.64. Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.
| Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 mM | 5.27 mL | 26.37 mL | 52.73 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.05 mL | 5.27 mL | 10.55 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.53 mL | 2.64 mL | 5.27 mL |
| 50 mM | 0.11 mL | 0.53 mL | 1.05 mL |
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Product Datasheets for Dopamine hydrochloride
References for Dopamine hydrochloride
References are publications that support the biological activity of the product.
Rivonello et al (2007) Novel insights into DA receptor pharmacology. Eur.J.Endocrinol. 156 S13 PMID: 17413183
Cools (2008) Role of DA in the motivational and cognitive control of behavior. Neuroscientist 14 381 PMID: 18660464
Fitzgerald and Dinan (2008) Prolactin and DA: what is the connection? A review article. J.Psychopharmacol. 22 S12
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Keywords: Dopamine hydrochloride, Dopamine hydrochloride supplier, Endogenous, agonists, dopamine, D1, receptors, Dopamine, D2, D3, Non-Selective, Receptors, D5, dopaminergic, TAAR1, and, Non-selective, Trace, Amine, 1, Receptor, 3548, Tocris Bioscience
21 Citations for Dopamine hydrochloride
Citations are publications that use Tocris products. Selected citations for Dopamine hydrochloride include:
Gerhold et al (2015) Pronociceptive and Antinociceptive Effects of Bupren. in the Spinal Cord Dorsal Horn Cover a Dose Range of Four Orders of Magnitude. J Neurosci 35 9580 PMID: 26134641
Brzosko et al (2015) Retroactive modulation of spike timing-dependent plasticity by DA. Elife 4 PMID: 26516682
Tozzi et al (2015) Endogenous 17β-OE is required for activity-dependent long-term potentiation in the striatum: interaction with the DArgic system. Front Cell Neurosci 9 192 PMID: 26074768
Zheng et al (2014) Attenuated DArgic tone in the paraventricular nucleus contributing to sympathoexcitation in rats with Type 2 diabetes. Physiol Res 306 R138 PMID: 24305061
O'Keeffe et al (2009) DA-induced proliferation of adult neural precursor cells in the mammalian subventricular zone is mediated through EGF. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106 8754 PMID: 19433789
Guo (2017) DA D4 receptor activation restores CA1 LTP in hippocampal slices from aged mice. Dopamine D4 receptor activation restores CA1 LTP in hippocampal slices from aged mice. 16 1323 PMID: 28975698
Bénédicte et al (2015) Palatability Can Drive Feeding Independent of AgRP Neurons. Cell Metab 22 646-57 PMID: 26278050
Zhang et al (2013) Sucrose produces withdrawal and DA-sensitive reinforcing effects in planarians. Physiol Behav 112-113 8 PMID: 23415661
Martin et al (2012) Dopamine induces LTP differentially in apical and basal dendrites through BDNF and voltage-dependent calcium channels. Learn Mem 19 294-9 PMID: 22723051
Mou et al (2021) Expression of FoxP2 in the basal ganglia regulates vocal motor sequences in the adult songbird. Nat Commun 12 2617 PMID: 33976169
Stefan et al (2021) New phosphosite-specific antibodies to unravel the role of GRK phosphorylation in dopamine D2 receptor regulation and signaling. Sci Rep 11 8288 PMID: 33859231
Sara R et al (2021) Bingeing on High-Fat Food Enhances Evoked Dopamine Release and Reduces Dopamine Uptake in the Nucleus Accumbens. Obesity (Silver Spring) 29 721-730 PMID: 33660412
Kira E et al (2022) Dopamine activates astrocytes in prefrontal cortex via α1-adrenergic receptors. Cell Rep 40 111426 PMID: 36170823
Bryan L et al (2022) Agonist and antagonist TRUPATH assays for G protein-coupled receptors. STAR Protoc 3 101259 PMID: 35403009
Mark L et al (2022) History-dependent dopamine release increases cAMP levels in most basal amygdala glutamatergic neurons to control learning. Cell Rep 38 110297 PMID: 35081349
Thomas C et al (2019) Neuromodulator Signaling Bidirectionally Controls Vesicle Numbers in Human Synapses. Cell 179 498-513.e22 PMID: 31585084
KuÄka et al (2012) Dependence of spontaneous electrical activity and basal prolactin release on nonselective cation channels in pituitary lactotrophs. World J Gastroenterol 61 267 PMID: 22480423
Spencer T et al (2020) Cerebellar modulation of synaptic input to freezing-related neurons in the periaqueductal gray. Elife 9 PMID: 32207681
Fang et al (2020) Identification of Mubritinib (TAK 165) as an inhibitor of KSHV driven primary effusion lymphoma via disruption of mitochondrial OXPHOS metabolism. Oncotarget 11 4224-4242 PMID: 33245718
Mark D et al (2020) Dopaminergic Transmission Rapidly and Persistently Enhances Excitability of D1 Receptor-Expressing Striatal Projection Neurons. Neuron 106 277-290.e6 PMID: 32075716
Ning et al (2023) Autoregulation of GPCR signalling through the third intracellular loop. Nature 615 734-741 PMID: 36890236
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Literature in this Area
Tocris offers the following scientific literature in this area to showcase our products. We invite you to request* your copy today!
*Please note that Tocris will only send literature to established scientific business / institute addresses.
Dopamine Receptors Scientific Review
Written by Phillip Strange and revised by Kim Neve in 2013, this review summarizes the history of the dopamine receptors and provides an overview of individual receptor subtype properties, their distribution and identifies ligands which act at each receptor subtype. Compounds available from Tocris are listed.
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