Submit a Review & Earn an Amazon Gift Card
You can now submit reviews for your favorite Tocris products. Your review will help other researchers decide on the best products for their research. Why not submit a review today?!
Submit Review(R)-(-)-Ketamine hydrochloride
Description: NMDA antagonist; antidepressant; may not display psychotomimetic or addictive side effects of (S)-ketamine
Chemical Name: (R)-(-)-2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexanone hydrochloride
Purity: ≥99% (HPLC)
Biological Activity for (R)-(-)-Ketamine hydrochloride
(R)-(-)-Ketamine hydrochloride is a NMDA antagonist (Ki = 1.4 μM); exhibits more potent and longer lasting antidepressant effects compared to its enantiomer (S)-ketamine in vivo. Also may not display the psychotomimetic or addictive side effects associated with (S)-ketamine. (R)-(-)-Ketamine hydrochloride upregulates KCNQ2 channels in mouse ventral hippocampal glutamatergic neurons in vitro and in vivo. It exerts its sustained antidepressant effetcs via KCNQ2 cell type specific regulation.
Technical Data for (R)-(-)-Ketamine hydrochloride
| M. Wt | 274.19 |
| Formula | C13H16ClNO.HCl |
| Storage | Store at RT |
| Purity | ≥99% (HPLC) |
| CAS Number | 33795-24-3 |
| PubChem ID | 9838417 |
| InChI Key | VCMGMSHEPQENPE-BTQNPOSSSA-N |
| Smiles | O=C1[C@@](C2=CC=CC=C2Cl)(NC)CCCC1.Cl |
The technical data provided above is for guidance only. For batch specific data refer to the Certificate of Analysis.
Tocris products are intended for laboratory research use only, unless stated otherwise.
Solubility Data for (R)-(-)-Ketamine hydrochloride
| Solvent | Max Conc. mg/mL | Max Conc. mM | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solubility | |||
| water | 27.42 | 100 | |
| DMSO | 27.42 | 100 |
Preparing Stock Solutions for (R)-(-)-Ketamine hydrochloride
The following data is based on the product molecular weight 274.19. Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.
| Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 mM | 3.65 mL | 18.24 mL | 36.47 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.73 mL | 3.65 mL | 7.29 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.36 mL | 1.82 mL | 3.65 mL |
| 50 mM | 0.07 mL | 0.36 mL | 0.73 mL |
Molarity Calculator
Molarity Calculator
Calculate the mass, volume, or concentration required for a solution.
Reconstitution Calculator
Reconstitution Calculator
Dilution Calculator
Dilution Calculator
Calculate the dilution required to prepare a stock solution.
Product Datasheets for (R)-(-)-Ketamine hydrochloride
References for (R)-(-)-Ketamine hydrochloride
References are publications that support the biological activity of the product.
Zhang et al (2014) R-(-)-ketamine shows greater potency and longer lasting antidepressant effects than S-(+)-ketamine. Pharmacol.Biochem.Behav. 116 137 PMID: 24316345
Xiong et al (2018) Comparison of rapid and long-lasting antidepressant effects of negative modulators of α5-containing GABAA receptors and (R)-ketamine in a chronic social defeat stress model. Pharmacol.Biochem.Behav. 175 139 PMID: 30359627
Zanos et al (2016) NMDAR inhibition-independent antidepressant actions of ketamine metabolites. Nature 533 481 PMID: 27144355
Ebert et al (1997) Norketamine, the main metabolite of ketamine, is a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist in the rat cortex and spinal cord. Eur.J.Pharmacol. 333 99 PMID: 9311667
Lopez et al (2022) Ketamine exerts its sustained antidepressant effects via cell-type-specific regulation of Kcnq2. Neuron 110 2283 PMID: 35649415
If you know of a relevant reference for (R)-(-)-Ketamine hydrochloride, please let us know.
View Related Products by Target
Keywords: (R)-(-)-Ketamine hydrochloride, (R)-(-)-Ketamine hydrochloride supplier, NMDA, receptor, antagonists, antagonism, Glutamate, Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, iGluR, Ionotropic, ketamine, Ketamine, and, Metabolites, 6751, Tocris Bioscience
Citations for (R)-(-)-Ketamine hydrochloride
Citations are publications that use Tocris products.
Currently there are no citations for (R)-(-)-Ketamine hydrochloride. Do you know of a great paper that uses (R)-(-)-Ketamine hydrochloride from Tocris? Please let us know.
Reviews for (R)-(-)-Ketamine hydrochloride
There are currently no reviews for this product. Be the first to review (R)-(-)-Ketamine hydrochloride and earn rewards!
Have you used (R)-(-)-Ketamine hydrochloride?
Submit a review and receive an Amazon gift card.
$50/€35/£30/$50CAN/¥300 Yuan/¥5000 Yen for first to review with an image
$25/€18/£15/$25CAN/¥75 Yuan/¥2500 Yen for a review with an image
$10/€7/£6/$10 CAD/¥70 Yuan/¥1110 Yen for a review without an image
Literature in this Area
Tocris offers the following scientific literature in this area to showcase our products. We invite you to request* your copy today!
*Please note that Tocris will only send literature to established scientific business / institute addresses.
Addiction Poster
The key feature of drug addiction is the inability to stop using a drug despite clear evidence of harm. This poster describes the brain circuits associated with addiction, and provides an overview of the main classes of addictive drugs and the neurotransmitter systems that they target.
Depression Poster
Major depressive disorder is characterized by depressed mood and a loss of interest and/or pleasure. Updated in 2015 this poster highlights presynaptic and postsynaptic targets for the potential treatment of major depressive disorder, as well as outlining the pharmacology of currently approved antidepressant drugs.